Search results for "Iridium Radioisotopes"

showing 8 items of 8 documents

A dosimetric study of Leipzig applicators.

2005

Purpose: To obtain the absolute dose-rate distribution in liquid water for all six cup-shaped Leipzig applicators by means of an experimentally validated Monte Carlo (MC) code. These six applicators were used in high-dose-rate (HDR) afterloaders with the “classic” and v2 192Ir sources. The applicators have an inner diameter of 1, 2, and 3 cm, with the source traveling parallel or perpendicular to the contact surface. Methods and materials: The MC GEANT4 code was used to obtain the dose-rate distribution in liquid water for the six applicators and the two HDR source models. To normalize the applicator output factors, a MC simulation for the “classic” and v2 sources in air was performed to es…

Cancer ResearchRadiationDosimeterbusiness.industryPhantoms Imagingmedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyMonte Carlo methodBrachytherapyWaterRadiotherapy DosageIridium RadioisotopesImaging phantomKermaOpticsOncologyIonization chamberPerpendicularmedicineDosimetryRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingThermoluminescent DosimetrybusinessNuclear medicineMonte Carlo MethodInternational journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics
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Monte Carlo calculation of dose rate distributions around 192Ir wires.

1997

Monte Carlo calculations of absolute dose rate in liquid water are presented in the form of away-along tables for 1 and 5 cm 192 Ir wires of 0.3 mm diameter. Simulated absolute dose rate values can be used as benchmark data to verify the calculation results of treatment planning systems or directly as input data for treatment planning. Best fit value of attenuation coefficient suitable for use in Sievert-integrals-type calculations has been derived based on Monte Carlo calculation results. For the treatment planning systems that are based on TG43 formalism we have also calculated the required dosimetry parameters.

PhysicsLiquid waterRadiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedMonte Carlo methodBrachytherapyBiophysicsRadiotherapy DosageGeneral MedicineReference StandardsIridium RadioisotopesBiophysical PhenomenaComputational physicsEvaluation Studies as TopicAttenuation coefficientNeoplasmsDynamic Monte Carlo methodDosimetryHumansComputer SimulationStatistical physicsBenchmark dataDose rateMonte Carlo MethodMedical physics
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Monte Carlo calculation of the TG-43 dosimetric parameters of a new BEBIG Ir-192 HDR source

2005

Background and purpose: High dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy is a highly extended practice in clinical brachytherapy today. Quality dose rate distribution datasets of the HDR sources used in a clinical treatment are required. Because of the different source designs, a specific dosimetry dataset is required for each source model. In the recently published BRAPHYQS-ESTRO Report, an overview of available dosimetric data for all HDR Ir-192 sources is given, pointing out the lack of data for one of the sources that is used by the BEBIG MultiSource afterloading system (BEBIG GmbH, Germany). The purpose of this study is to obtain detailed dose rate distributions in liquid water media around this sou…

Task groupmedicine.medical_specialtyDose calculationComputer scienceAirmedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyBrachytherapyMonte Carlo methodWaterRadiotherapy DosageHematologyIridium RadioisotopesOncologymedicineAnisotropyDosimetryRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMedical physicsDose rateMonte Carlo MethodClinical treatmentSource modelAlgorithmRadiotherapy and Oncology
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Dosimetry characteristics of the Plus and 12i Gammamed PDR 192Ir sources.

2001

In this study a complete set of dosimetric data for the Plus and 12i Gammamed PDR (pulsed dose rate) 192 Ir sources is presented. These data have been calculated using the Monte Carlo simulation code GEANT3. Absolute dose rate distributions in water around these sources were calculated and are presented in form of conventional two dimensional (2D) Cartesian look-up tables. All dosimetric quantities recommended by the AAPM Task Group 43 report have been also calculated. These quantities are dose rate constant, radial dose function, anisotropy function and anisotropy factor. The dose rate distribution of the 12i source was compared with the corresponding data for the microselectron PDR source…

PhysicsTask groupbusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentAirPhysics::Medical PhysicsBrachytherapyMonte Carlo methodPulsed dose rateWaterGeneral MedicineFunction (mathematics)Iridium RadioisotopesComputational physicsmedicineDosimetryAnisotropyParticle AcceleratorsDose rateAnisotropyNuclear medicinebusinessRadiometryMonte Carlo MethodMedical physics
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Technical note: Monte-Carlo dosimetry of the HDR 12i and Plus 192Ir sources.

2001

In this study a complete set of dosimetric data for the GammaMed high dose rate (HDR) 12i and Plus 192 Ir sources are presented. These data have been calculated by means of the Monte Carlo simulation code GEANT3. Absolute dose rate distributions in water are presented as conventional two dimensional (2D) Cartesian look-up tables, and in the TG43 formalism.

Physicsmedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyMonte Carlo methodBrachytherapyBiophysicsWaterTechnical noteGeneral MedicineIridium RadioisotopesBiophysical PhenomenaComputational physicslaw.inventionFormalism (philosophy of mathematics)lawmedicineEconometricsDosimetryAnisotropyCartesian coordinate systemDose rateRadiometryMonte Carlo MethodMedical physics
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Broad-beam transmission data for new brachytherapy sources, Tm-170 and Yb-169

2005

The characteristics of the radionuclides (170)Tm and (169)Yb are highly interesting for their use as high dose-rate brachytherapy sources. The introduction of brachytherapy equipment containing these sources will lead to smaller required thicknesses of the materials used in radiation protection barriers compared with the use of conventional sources such as (192)Ir and (137)Cs. The purpose of this study is to determine the required thicknesses of protection material for the design of the protecting walls. Using the Monte Carlo method, transmission data were derived for broad-beam geometries through lead and concrete barriers, from which the first half value layer and tenth value layer are ob…

medicine.medical_specialtyMaterials sciencemedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyBrachytherapyMonte Carlo methodOpticsmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMedical physicsYtterbiumRadioisotopesRadiationRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthRadiotherapy DosageGeneral MedicineBeam transmissionIridium RadioisotopesTransmission (telecommunications)Cesium RadioisotopesThuliumCalibrationDose reductionRadiation protectionbusinessMonte Carlo MethodHalf-value layerRadiation Protection Dosimetry
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Fetal dose measurements and shielding efficiency assessment in a custom setup of (192)Ir brachytherapy for a pregnant woman with breast cancer.

2015

To assess the radiation dose to the fetus of a pregnant patient undergoing high-dose-rate (HDR) (192)Ir interstitial breast brachytherapy, and to design a new patient setup and lead shielding technique that minimizes the fetal dose.Radiochromic films were placed between the slices of an anthropomorphic phantom modeling the patient. The pregnant woman was seated in a chair with the breast over a table and inside a leaded box. Dose variation as a function of distance from the implant volume as well as dose homogeneity within a representative slice of the fetal position was evaluated without and with shielding.With shielding, the peripheral dose after a complete treatment ranged from 50 cGy at…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyBrachytherapyBiophysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyFetal positionBreast NeoplasmsIonizing radiationLead shieldingBreast cancerFetusRadiation ProtectionPregnancymedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRadiometrybusiness.industryRadiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedRadiotherapy DosageGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseIridium RadioisotopesSurgeryRadiation therapyPregnancy ComplicationsElectromagnetic shieldingFemaleImplantbusinessNuclear medicinePhysica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)
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Monte Carlo dosimetry of the Buchler high dose rate 192Ir source.

2001

In this study a complete set of dosimetric data is presented for the high dose rate (HDR) source from Amersham used in the Buchler remote afterloading HDR unit. These data have been calculated by means of the Monte Carlo simulation code GEANT taking into account the detailed geometry of the source. Absolute dose rate distributions in water were calculated around this source and are presented as conventional 2D Cartesian look-up tables. All dosimetric quantities recommended by the AAPM Task Group 43 report have been calculated. Quantities determined are: dose rate constant, radial dose function, anisotropy function, anisotropy factor and anisotropy constant. The dose rate distributions of th…

PhysicsRadiological and Ultrasound Technologymedicine.medical_treatmentPhysics::Medical PhysicsMonte Carlo methodBrachytherapyBrachytherapyRadiotherapy DosageFunction (mathematics)Equipment DesignIridium Radioisotopeslaw.inventionComputational physicslawmedicineDosimetryAnisotropyRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingCartesian coordinate systemAnisotropyConstant (mathematics)Dose rateMonte Carlo MethodSimulationPhysics in medicine and biology
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